National Assessment of Educational Progress - Achievement Level Distribution
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Achievement Level Distribution
📈 Data Summary
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📜 Major Education Policy Changes
Policies implemented during the selected time period that may have influenced these outcomes:
About Demographically-Adjusted NAEP Scores
What is this data?
The demographically-adjusted NAEP scores are calculated by the Urban Institute to enable fairer comparisons between states. Raw NAEP scores can be misleading because states have different student demographics.
Why adjust for demographics?
States with higher proportions of students from disadvantaged backgrounds may appear to perform worse on raw scores, even if their schools are doing excellent work. Demographic adjustment shows how students perform compared to similar students nationwide.
What factors are adjusted?
Race/Ethnicity – Student racial and ethnic background
Economic Status – Free/reduced-price lunch eligibility
Special Education – Students with disabilities (IEP status)
English Learners – Limited English proficiency status
Age – Student age at time of assessment
Home Language – Whether English is spoken at home
Data Availability
Adjusted scores are available for years 2003-2022 for most states. Earlier years (1996-2002) have limited state coverage. Washington D.C. is excluded due to data quality issues.
Source: Urban Institute, "America's Gradebook" and "States' Demographically Adjusted Performance on the Nation's Report Card" reports by Matthew Chingos.